What antibiotics are used to treat a pilonidal (pilonidal) cyst?

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Last updated: February 18, 2025 • View editorial policy

From the Guidelines

Antibiotic Treatment for Pilonidal Cysts

For the management of infected pilonidal cysts, antibiotics such as cephalexin (500mg orally every 6 hours for 7-10 days) or clindamycin (300mg orally every 6 hours for 7-10 days) may be considered 1. In cases of suspected methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection, doxycycline (100mg orally every 12 hours for 7-10 days) or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (160/800mg orally every 12 hours for 7-10 days) may be used.

  • The selection of antibiotic therapy should be guided by wound culture and sensitivity results, when available 2, 1.
  • Incision and drainage should be performed for recurrent abscesses, and the benefits of adjunctive antimicrobial therapy in preventing recurrences are unknown 3.
  • A 5-day decolonization regimen with twice-daily intranasal mupirocin and daily bathing with chlorhexidine may be considered, but data about efficacy are sparse 3. Key considerations include:
  • Local causes such as foreign material, hidradenitis suppurativa, or pilonidal cyst should be addressed 2, 3.
  • Neutrophil disorders should be evaluated in adult patients with recurrent abscesses that began in early childhood 2.

From the Research

Treatment Options for Pilonidal Cysts

  • The management of pilonidal disease involves various treatment modalities, including conservative nonoperative management strategies, epilation techniques, and operative management strategies 4.
  • Conservative nonoperative management strategies include improved hygiene, depilation, and lifestyle modification, which focus on disease prevention and minimization of disease activity 4.
  • Epilation techniques using laser and intense pulse light therapy are also used as primary and adjunct treatment modalities 4, 5.
  • Operative management strategies include excision of affected tissue paired with various closure types, such as primary midline closure, primary off-midline closure techniques, and healing by secondary intention 4, 6.

Use of Antibiotics

  • There is no direct mention of antibiotics used to treat pilonidal cysts in the provided studies.
  • However, the studies mention the use of antimicrobial solutions for wound care and rinsing after surgical intervention 6.
  • It can be inferred that antibiotics may be used to prevent or treat infections associated with pilonidal cysts, but the specific antibiotics used are not mentioned in the studies.

Post-Surgical Wound Management

  • Post-surgical wound management of pilonidal cysts involves rinsing the wound with clean water, dressing with a sterile compress, and using antimicrobial solutions 6.
  • The use of haemoglobin spray has also been reported as a treatment option for post-surgical wound management 6.
  • Adequate wound care, including debridement, rinsing, and dressing, is recommended to avoid healing disturbances and promote wound closure 6.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.