What is the effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection on adrenal gland size and glucocorticoid production in humans with active tuberculosis (TB)?

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Last updated: February 18, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection on Adrenal Gland Size and Glucocorticoid Production

In humans with active tuberculosis (TB), Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection can lead to adrenal insufficiency due to the potential for disseminated tuberculosis to cause adrenal gland dysfunction [ 1 ].

  • The infection may initially cause an increase in cortisol production, potentially leading to enlargement of the adrenal gland.
  • However, chronic stimulation and exhaustion of the adrenal gland can result in atrophic changes and decreased glucocorticoid production [ 1 ].
  • Some experts suggest that concurrent corticosteroid therapy may be indicated for treating severe respiratory failure or adrenal insufficiency caused by disseminated tuberculosis [ 1 ].
  • The role of adjunct corticosteroid treatment in patients with miliary tuberculosis remains unclear, highlighting the need for further research [ 1 ].
  • The cortisol/cortisone ratio may be affected, reflecting changes in the peripheral conversion of cortisone to cortisol, although specific details on this ratio in the context of TB are not provided in the given evidence [ 1 ].

From the Research

Effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection on Adrenal Gland Size and Glucocorticoid Production

  • There are no research papers provided that directly investigate the effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection on adrenal gland size and glucocorticoid production in humans with active tuberculosis (TB) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
  • The provided studies focus on the immune response, cytokine production, and diagnostic challenges associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, but do not address the specific question of adrenal gland size and glucocorticoid production.
  • Studies such as 2 and 3 examine the immune response and cytokine production in patients with active TB, while 4 provides an overview of the pathogenicity and diagnostic challenges of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  • Other studies, like 5 and 6, investigate immune parameters and risk factors associated with active and latent TB infection, but do not provide information on adrenal gland size and glucocorticoid production.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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