Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) or Vitamin D2 (Ergocalciferol)?

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Last updated: May 2, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

D3 is recommended over D2 for supplementation. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is the preferred form because it's more effective at raising and maintaining blood levels of vitamin D compared to vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) 1. Typical supplementation doses range from 1,000-4,000 IU daily, though individual needs vary based on factors like sun exposure, age, and baseline levels.

Key Considerations

  • D3 is approximately more potent at raising serum 25(OH)D concentrations and produces a more sustained elevation in these levels compared to D2 1.
  • The body naturally produces D3 when skin is exposed to sunlight, making it the more physiologically natural form.
  • For optimal absorption, take vitamin D3 supplements with a meal containing some fat, as vitamin D is fat-soluble.
  • If you're deficient, higher doses may be needed initially under medical supervision.

Supplementation Guidelines

  • Current expert opinion on supplementation for adults older than age 50 is 1200 mg of calcium (from all sources) and 800 to 1000 IU of vitamin D daily 1.
  • The NCCN Bone Health in Cancer Care Task Force also recommends these ranges for younger patients at risk for cancer treatment–associated bone loss 1.
  • A caveat to the vitamin D intake recommendation is that many patients need more than the recommended amount and should be repleted based on serum 25(OH) D level 1.

From the FDA Drug Label

Vitamin D3 50,000 IU is essential for absorption of calcium and necessary for healthy bones and a healthy immune system. The question D3 o D2 is not directly addressed in the provided drug label.

  • The label only mentions Vitamin D3 and its importance for calcium absorption and healthy bones, but does not compare it to D2.
  • There is no information in the label that supports a direct comparison between D3 and D2. The FDA drug label does not answer the question.

From the Research

Comparison of D3 and D2

  • The choice between D3 (cholecalciferol) and D2 (ergocalciferol) for vitamin D supplementation depends on various factors, including the individual's health status and the desired outcome 2, 3.
  • Cholecalciferol (D3) is considered the preferred form of vitamin D supplementation due to its greater efficacy in improving musculoskeletal health and its ability to guarantee an exact dosage in IU 2.
  • Calcifediol (25OHD3), a form of vitamin D3, has been shown to be more potent than cholecalciferol, with a more rapid increase in serum 25OHD levels and a higher rate of intestinal absorption 3.

Efficacy and Safety

  • Studies have demonstrated that vitamin D supplementation can improve musculoskeletal health, reduce the risk of fractures and falls, and have a positive effect on serum 25OHD levels 4, 5.
  • The optimal dosage of vitamin D supplementation is still a topic of debate, with some studies suggesting that higher dosages (2,000-3,000 IU/day) may be necessary to achieve a relevant increase in 25OHD levels and normalization of parathyroid hormone (PTH) 5.
  • The safety of vitamin D supplementation has been established, with few adverse effects reported at dosages up to 5,000 IU/day 4.

Clinical Guidelines

  • Clinical guidelines recommend the use of cholecalciferol (D3) as the preferred form of vitamin D supplementation, with calcifediol (25OHD3) reserved for patients with liver failure or severe intestinal malabsorption syndromes 2.
  • The decision to supplement with vitamin D should be based on individual patient needs and health status, with consideration given to the potential benefits and risks of supplementation 6.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Is calcifediol better than cholecalciferol for vitamin D supplementation?

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2018

Research

Are commonly recommended dosages for vitamin D supplementation too low? Vitamin D status and effects of supplementation on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels--an observational study during clinical practice conditions.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2011

Research

Vitamin D supplementation: Pearls for practicing clinicians.

Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine, 2022

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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