Differential Diagnosis for 4-year-old Female with Rash
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Viral exanthem (e.g., roseola, fifth disease): This is a common condition in children, characterized by a rash that starts on the arms and spreads to other parts of the body, often accompanied by few or no other symptoms.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Allergic contact dermatitis: This condition occurs when the skin comes into contact with an allergen, causing a rash that can start on the arms and spread to other areas.
- Atopic dermatitis (eczema): A chronic skin condition that can cause a rash on the arms, legs, and face, often accompanied by itching and dry skin.
- Impetigo: A bacterial skin infection that can cause a rash, often starting on the face and spreading to other areas.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Meningococcemia: A life-threatening bacterial infection that can cause a rash, often accompanied by fever, headache, and stiff neck.
- Kawasaki disease: An autoimmune condition that can cause a rash, fever, and other symptoms, and can lead to serious complications if left untreated.
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever: A tick-borne illness that can cause a rash, fever, and headache, and can be fatal if not treated promptly.
- Rare diagnoses
- Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA): A chronic autoimmune condition that can cause a rash, joint pain, and other symptoms.
- Lupus erythematosus: A chronic autoimmune condition that can cause a rash, fever, and other symptoms, and can be life-threatening if left untreated.
- Erythema multiforme: A rare skin condition that can cause a rash, often accompanied by fever and other symptoms.