What are the recommended studies?

From the Guidelines

I strongly recommend that you provide more context or specify the topic area, research field, or specific medical condition you're interested in to receive a focused, evidence-based response. To properly answer your question, I would need more information about the studies you're looking for. If you're seeking research on a particular medication, treatment approach, or health condition, please provide those details so I can give you a focused, evidence-based response with the specific information you need. Without this context, I cannot provide the concise, practical recommendation with medication names, dosages, regimens, and scientific reasoning that you've requested, as seen in guidelines such as the 2021 guideline for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline from the american heart association/american stroke association 1. Some studies, like the one published in Stroke in 2021 1, provide recommendations for valvular disease and hypertension, but these may not be directly relevant to your query without further specification. For instance, the guideline recommends warfarin for patients with ischemic stroke or TIA and valvular AF (moderate to severe mitral stenosis or any mechanical heart valve) to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke or TIA 1. However, without knowing the specific context of your question, it's challenging to apply such recommendations directly. Therefore, I emphasize the need for more details to provide a response that prioritizes morbidity, mortality, and quality of life based on the most recent and highest quality studies available.

From the FDA Drug Label

However, in both studies blood pressure reduction occurred sooner and was greater in patients treated with 10 mg, 20 mg or 80 mg of lisinopril than patients treated with 5 mg of lisinopril. The Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvienza nell’Infarto Miocardico (GISSI-3) study was a multicenter, controlled, randomized, unblinded clinical trial conducted in 19,394 patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) admitted to a coronary care unit S sites, 89% with a history of angina, 52% without PCI, 4% with PCI and no stent, and 44% with a stent) were randomized to double-blind treatment with either amlodipine besylate tablets (5 to 10 mg once daily) or placebo in addition to standard care that included aspirin (89%), statins (83%), beta-blockers (74%), nitroglycerin (50%), anti-coagulants (40%), and diuretics (32%), but excluded other calcium channel blockers. The studies mentioned are:

• A study on lisinopril with 19,394 patients 2
• The GISSI-3 study on lisinopril 2
• The CAMELOT study on amlodipine with 663 patients in the amlodipine group and 655 patients in the placebo group 3
• A study on amlodipine with 1153 patients 3
• The PRAISE-2 study on amlodipine with 827 patients in the amlodipine group and 827 patients in the placebo group 3

From the Research

Studies on Lisinopril and Amlodipine Combination

• The study 4 published in 2022 in Wiadomosci lekarskie, analyzed the effectiveness of lisinopril and amlodipine combination in patients with hypertension and comorbidity of arteriosclerosis obliterans, and found that the combination is optimal and universal for effective treatment.
• Another study 5 published in 2016 in Journal of comparative effectiveness research, assessed the safety and effectiveness of fixed-combination lisinopril-amlodipine plus rosuvastatin in high-/very high-risk patients, and found that the combination was well tolerated and effective.
• A study 6 published in 2012 in Klinicheskaia meditsina, estimated the antihypertensive efficacy of a low-dose combination of amlodipine and lisinopril in postmenopausal women, and found that the combination significantly decreased systolic and diastolic arterial pressure.
• The study 7 published in 2019 in Medical archives, investigated the efficacy of different combinations of antihypertensive therapy on blood pressure, arterial stiffness and peripheral resistance, and found that lisinopril, losartan or valsartan alone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide and/or amlodipine were equally effective and well tolerated.
• A review 8 published in 2017 in Terapevticheskii arkhiv, discussed the use of a fixed-dose lisinopril+amlodipine+rosuvastatin combination in patients with hypertension and concomitant dyslipidemia, and found that the combination has high value in the context of organ protection and reduced risk of cardiovascular events.

Key Findings

• The combination of lisinopril and amlodipine is effective in reducing blood pressure and improving arterial stiffness 4, 7.
• The addition of rosuvastatin to the combination of lisinopril and amlodipine is well tolerated and effective in high-/very high-risk patients 5.
• The combination of lisinopril and amlodipine is effective in postmenopausal women with hypertension 6.
• Fixed-dose combinations of antihypertensive drugs have substantial advantages over free combinations, contributing to improving patient compliance 8.