From the Guidelines
ROS is a crucial component of a medical evaluation, involving a systematic review of various body systems to identify potential health issues. When conducting a ROS, healthcare providers typically ask patients about specific symptoms related to major body systems such as cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, neurological, musculoskeletal, and others 1. This comprehensive approach helps identify issues that might not be directly related to the chief complaint but could be clinically significant. A thorough ROS typically covers 10-14 body systems and can be performed as a complete review or focused on systems relevant to the patient's presenting concerns. Some key points to consider when performing a ROS include:
- Focused review of systems to identify common issues seen with increasing age and possible emerging dementia 1
- Review of gastrointestinal function and symptoms of other endocrine disorders 1
- Identification of risk factors for atherosclerosis, such as smoking, hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and family history 1 The information gathered during ROS complements the history of present illness and helps healthcare providers develop a more complete clinical picture, identify potential diagnoses, and determine appropriate diagnostic tests or treatments. A focused ROS should take an inventory of common issues that are seen with increasing age and also with possible emerging dementia 1.
From the Research
ROS Overview
- ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) is not directly mentioned in the provided studies, which focus on the effectiveness of different antihypertensive drug combinations and their impact on blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and cardiovascular risk factors.
- However, the studies provide information on the efficacy and safety of various antihypertensive medications, including lisinopril, amlodipine, and rosuvastatin, which may be relevant to understanding the management of hypertension and its related complications 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
Antihypertensive Drug Combinations
- The combination of lisinopril and amlodipine has been shown to be effective in reducing blood pressure and improving arterial stiffness in patients with hypertension 2, 3.
- The addition of rosuvastatin to the combination of lisinopril and amlodipine has been found to be safe and effective in controlling cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension and hypercholesterolemia 4, 6.
- Different antihypertensive drug combinations, including lisinopril, losartan, and valsartan, with or without hydrochlorothiazide, have been found to be equally effective in reducing blood pressure and improving arterial stiffness 3.
Safety and Efficacy
- The studies suggest that the combination of lisinopril and amlodipine, with or without rosuvastatin, is generally well-tolerated and effective in patients with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia 2, 3, 4, 6.
- However, some patients may experience adverse effects, such as coughing with lisinopril therapy, or low leg edema with amlodipine therapy 5.