From the Research
Sialadenitis is an inflammation of the salivary glands that can be effectively managed with conservative measures, and in severe cases, minimally invasive procedures like sialendoscopy may be necessary, as supported by the most recent study 1.
Definition and Causes
Sialadenitis is an inflammation of the salivary glands, most commonly affecting the parotid or submandibular glands. It occurs when salivary ducts become blocked by stones, strictures, or mucous plugs, allowing bacteria to ascend and cause infection, or when viral infections directly affect the glands.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the cause but typically includes:
- Hydration
- Warm compresses
- Salivary massage
- Pain management with over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen For bacterial sialadenitis, antibiotics such as amoxicillin-clavulanate (875/125 mg twice daily for 7-10 days) or clindamycin (300-450 mg four times daily for 7-10 days) are prescribed 2. Patients should increase fluid intake to 2-3 liters daily, apply warm compresses to the affected area for 10-15 minutes several times daily, and gently massage the gland toward the duct opening to help release blockages. Sour candies or lemon juice can stimulate saliva flow.
Minimally Invasive Procedures
For severe or recurrent cases, surgical intervention may be necessary, ranging from sialendoscopy (minimally invasive duct exploration) to gland removal. A recent study 1 found that sialendoscopy-assisted salivary duct surgery (SASDS) significantly improved symptom scores and reduced symptom severity in patients with chronic obstructive sialadenitis without sialolithiasis. Another study 3 reported that intraductal instillation of mucolytic, steroids, and antibiotic solution was effective in treating chronic obstructive sialadenitis.
Prevention
Proper oral hygiene and staying well-hydrated help prevent recurrence. Regular dental check-ups and good oral care practices can reduce the risk of developing sialadenitis.
Key Takeaways
- Sialadenitis can be managed with conservative measures and minimally invasive procedures.
- Sialendoscopy is a effective treatment option for severe or recurrent cases.
- Proper oral hygiene and hydration are essential for preventing recurrence.