From the FDA Drug Label
The FDA drug label does not answer the question.
From the Research
Hydroxychloroquine sulfate can affect several nutrients in the body, primarily by interfering with their absorption or metabolism, most notably impacting vitamin D, calcium, and magnesium levels. This medication may reduce the conversion of vitamin D to its active form, potentially leading to vitamin D deficiency over time 1. It can also decrease calcium absorption in the intestines and alter magnesium metabolism. Additionally, some patients taking hydroxychloroquine experience gastrointestinal side effects like nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea, which can further impact nutrient absorption broadly.
Key Nutrients Affected
- Vitamin D: Hydroxychloroquine may reduce the conversion of vitamin D to its active form, potentially leading to vitamin D deficiency over time 1.
- Calcium: Hydroxychloroquine can decrease calcium absorption in the intestines.
- Magnesium: Hydroxychloroquine can alter magnesium metabolism.
Clinical Implications
Patients on long-term hydroxychloroquine therapy should consider periodic monitoring of these nutrient levels, particularly vitamin D and calcium. A balanced diet rich in these nutrients or appropriate supplementation may be necessary, especially for those at risk of deficiencies (such as older adults or those with limited sun exposure) 2. The medication's effect on nutrient levels is related to its mechanism of action, which includes altering pH in cellular compartments and affecting enzyme activities involved in nutrient processing 3.
Drug Interactions
Hydroxychloroquine is metabolized by various cytochrome P450 enzymes and can interact with other drugs that are substrates of these enzymes, potentially leading to clinically significant drug-drug interactions 1. Therefore, it is essential to consider these interactions when co-administering hydroxychloroquine with other medications.