From the Guidelines
Low calcium levels are associated with an increased risk of stroke, and maintaining adequate calcium intake is crucial to reduce this risk. According to the study on managing adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome 1, hypocalcemia can occur in the majority of patients and may arise at any age, especially after puberty. This condition can be associated with fatigue, emotional irritability, abnormal involuntary movements, seizures, and cardiac arrhythmias, which may predispose to osteopenia/osteoporosis.
To manage low calcium levels and reduce the risk of stroke, the following measures are recommended:
- Regular investigations including measurements of pH-corrected ionized calcium, magnesium, parathyroid hormone, and creatinine concentrations are recommended 1.
- Daily calcium and vitamin D supplementation are recommended for all adults with 22q11.2DS 1.
- Magnesium supplementation for those with hypomagnesemia is indicated 1.
- Treatment with hormonally active metabolites of vitamin D for more severe hypocalcemia usually requires consultation with an endocrinologist 1.
- Targeted monitoring of calcium concentrations should be considered at vulnerable times, for example, peri-operatively, perinatally, or during severe illness 1.
It is essential to note that over-correction of hypocalcemia can result in iatrogenic hypercalcemia, renal calculi, and renal failure 1. Therefore, caution is advised when managing low calcium levels, and regular monitoring of calcium levels through blood tests is recommended, especially for those at higher risk of deficiency. Additionally, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, can help reduce the risk of stroke and other cardiovascular diseases.
From the Research
Low Calcium and Stroke Risk
- There is no direct evidence in the provided studies that links low calcium levels to an increased risk of stroke 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
- However, the studies discuss the importance of maintaining normal calcium levels for various bodily functions, including muscle contraction and neurotransmitter release 3.
- Hypocalcemia, or low serum calcium, can be caused by various disorders, including hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, and certain medications 2, 3, 5, 6.
- Treatment for hypocalcemia typically involves calcium and vitamin D supplementation, as well as addressing the underlying cause of the condition 2, 3, 6.
- Some studies suggest that hypocalcemia can be associated with increased mortality, particularly in patients with major trauma or those requiring operative intervention 4.
- The provided studies do not specifically investigate the relationship between low calcium levels and stroke risk, but rather focus on the diagnosis, management, and complications of hypocalcemia 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.