Differential Diagnosis for Exophytic Cyst Arising from the Left Ovary
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Ovarian Cystadenoma: This is the most common type of ovarian neoplasm, and exophytic cysts are a characteristic presentation. They are usually benign and can arise from the epithelial lining of the ovary.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Ovarian Cyst: A simple ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac that can arise from the ovary and present as an exophytic mass. These are common in women of reproductive age and are usually benign.
- Dermoid Cyst (Mature Cystic Teratoma): Although not exclusively exophytic, dermoid cysts can present as a cystic mass arising from the ovary. They contain mature tissue from all three germ layers and are usually benign.
- Serous Cystadenocarcinoma: While less common than benign cystadenomas, serous cystadenocarcinomas can present as exophytic cysts and are a type of ovarian cancer.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Ovarian Torsion: Although not a primary diagnosis for an exophytic cyst, ovarian torsion is a complication that can occur if the cyst causes the ovary to twist, cutting off its blood supply. This is an emergency situation.
- Borderline Ovarian Tumor: These are tumors of low malignant potential that can present similarly to benign cystadenomas but have a higher risk of recurrence and progression to invasive cancer.
Rare Diagnoses
- Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma: A rare type of ovarian cancer that can present as an exophytic cyst. These tumors produce mucin and can become very large.
- Struma Ovarii: A rare form of dermoid cyst that is composed mostly of thyroid tissue. It can present as an exophytic cyst and may produce thyroid hormones.
- Ovarian Fibroma with Cystic Degeneration: Ovarian fibromas are benign tumors that can undergo cystic degeneration, presenting as an exophytic cystic mass.