What is the evidence for choline supplementation during pregnancy?

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From the Guidelines

怀孕期间补充胆碱有助于支持胎儿脑发育,可能改善儿童的认知功能和记忆力,并可能降低神经管缺陷的风险。根据最新的研究1,建议孕妇每天摄入400-550毫克的胆碱。食物来源包括鸡蛋(每个大鸡蛋含147毫克)、肝脏、肉类、鱼类和大豆,而胆碱比塔特酸盐或α-GPC等补充剂可以帮助满足需求。研究表明,怀孕期间适量的胆碱摄入可以支持胎儿脑发育,可能改善儿童的认知功能和记忆力,并可能降低神经管缺陷的风险。胆碱通过提供细胞膜和神经递质的必需构建块发挥作用,特别是在胎儿脑发育快速期间。由于身体无法在怀孕期间产生足够的胆碱,因此饮食摄入或补充是实现最佳孕妇和胎儿健康结果的必要条件。

一些关键点需要注意:

  • 胆碱对胎儿脑发育的支持作用
  • 降低神经管缺陷的风险
  • 提高儿童的认知功能和记忆力
  • 食物来源和补充剂的选择
  • 怀孕期间胆碱需求的增加

总的来说,孕妇应尽量满足每天400-550毫克的胆碱需求,以支持胎儿脑发育和整体健康1

From the Research

怀孕期间补充胆碱的证据

  • 目前没有直接研究胆碱补充的证据,但是有一些研究关注了ω-3脂肪酸和其他营养素在怀孕期间的作用2, 3, 4, 5, 6
  • ω-3脂肪酸补充在怀孕期间可能有助于减少早产和低出生体重的风险,并可能改善胎儿的认知发育2, 4, 5
  • 然而,关于胆碱补充的具体证据尚不明确,需要更多的研究来确定其在怀孕期间的安全性和有效性

相关研究发现

  • 一项系统性综述发现,ω-3脂肪酸补充在怀孕期间可能有助于减少早产和低出生体重的风险,并可能改善胎儿的认知发育2
  • 另一项研究发现,ω-3脂肱酸补充在怀孕期间可能有助于减少妊娠高血压和先兆子痫的风险4
  • 一项系统性综述还发现,ω-3脂肪酸补充在怀孕期间可能有助于改善胎儿的认知发育和神经系统发展5

未来的研究方向

  • 需要更多的研究来确定胆碱补充在怀孕期间的安全性和有效性
  • 未来的研究应关注胆碱补充在怀孕期间的具体作用和机制,以及其对胎儿和母亲的长期影响3, 6

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Omega-3 fatty acid addition during pregnancy.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2018

Research

Omega-3 fatty acids and pregnancy: current implications for practice.

Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology, 2012

Research

Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Fecundation, Pregnancy and Breastfeeding.

Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia, 2020

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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