What causes hiccups (synchronous diaphragmatic contractions) provoked by eating?

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From the Research

Hiccups provoked by eating should be initially managed by modifying eating habits, such as eating slowly and avoiding spicy or carbonated foods, and if persistent, considered for treatment with chlorpromazine (25-50 mg) as it has shown effectiveness in recent studies 1. To address hiccups provoked by eating, it is essential to understand that they are typically caused by rapid eating, consuming spicy foods, or drinking carbonated beverages that irritate the phrenic nerve, which controls the diaphragm. Some key points to consider:

  • Try eating more slowly, taking smaller bites, and thoroughly chewing your food.
  • Avoid carbonated drinks, spicy foods, and very hot or cold items during meals.
  • If hiccups occur while eating, try remedies like sipping cold water slowly, holding your breath for 10-20 seconds, breathing into a paper bag for a minute, or applying gentle pressure to your diaphragm. For persistent hiccups triggered by eating, medications like chlorpromazine (25-50 mg) may help, though these require a prescription 1. It is also important to note that hiccups can be a symptom of an underlying condition, and if they persist for more than 48 hours or occur frequently with meals, it is crucial to consult a healthcare provider to rule out conditions like GERD or hiatal hernia. Recent studies, such as the one published in 2024 2, have shown that baclofen may not be as effective as previously thought, with only 35% of patients experiencing hiccup palliation, whereas chlorpromazine has been shown to be effective in treating hiccups 1. Therefore, chlorpromazine (25-50 mg) is recommended as a treatment option for persistent hiccups provoked by eating.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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