When should a Papanicolaou (Pap) test be repeated if the result shows inflammation but is negative for Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: May 19, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Guidelines

If a Pap test shows inflammation but is negative for STDs, it should typically be repeated within 3 months, as recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1. This approach ensures that any potential issues are addressed promptly, especially if the inflammation is severe. The recommendation to repeat the Pap test within 3 months is based on the idea that underlying infections should be treated before the repeat test is obtained, which can help resolve the inflammation and provide a more accurate result. Key considerations for managing a Pap test showing inflammation include:

  • Treating any underlying infections before repeating the Pap test
  • Ensuring the patient is asymptomatic or has resolved symptoms before the follow-up test
  • Considering further evaluation, such as colposcopy, if the inflammation persists or if abnormal cells are detected on the follow-up test It's also important to note that more recent guidelines, such as those from 1998 1, provide additional context for managing abnormal Pap test results, including the use of the Bethesda System for classification and guidelines for follow-up care. However, for the specific scenario of a Pap test showing inflammation but negative for STDs, the earlier guideline 1 provides a clear recommendation for repeat testing within 3 months.

From the Research

Pap Test Results and Follow-Up

  • If a Pap test result shows inflammation but is negative for STDs, the follow-up procedure is not explicitly stated in the provided studies 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
  • However, the studies discuss the importance of cervical cancer screening and the role of Pap tests in preventing cervical cancer 3, 4, 6.
  • The American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP) guidelines are mentioned, which provide recommendations for cervical cancer screening and follow-up 5, 6.

Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines

  • The studies suggest that women with a history of abnormal screening results or those who are at high risk of cervical cancer may require more intense screening 5, 6.
  • The guidelines recommend shared decision-making between clinicians and patients regarding the best course of action for follow-up and treatment 5.
  • The importance of HPV vaccination and screening is emphasized, as well as the need for provider and patient education on the latest recommendations 2, 5, 6.

Follow-Up Intervals

  • The studies do not provide specific guidance on the follow-up interval for a Pap test result showing inflammation but negative for STDs.
  • However, they discuss the importance of surveillance and follow-up for women with abnormal cervical cancer screening histories 5, 6.
  • The optimal interval and modality for cervical cancer screening are still being researched, and ongoing studies aim to provide more insight into the best practices for detection and prevention 4, 6.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Cervical Cancer Screening: Comparison of Conventional Pap Smear Test, Liquid-Based Cytology, and Human Papillomavirus Testing as Stand-alone or Cotesting Strategies.

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2021

Research

Cervical Colposcopy: Indications and Risk Assessment.

American family physician, 2020

Research

Making Sense of Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines and Recommendations.

Current treatment options in oncology, 2015

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.