From the Research
The use of over-the-counter medications with anticholinergic properties, such as diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, chlorpheniramine, and doxylamine, is associated with an increased risk of dementia, particularly with long-term use. These medications, found in products like Benadryl, Dramamine, and Unisom, can block acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter important for memory and learning, and may contribute to neurodegeneration over time 1. The risk appears to be dose-dependent, with higher cumulative exposure over years potentially increasing dementia risk by 50% or more in some studies 2, 3.
Some key points to consider:
- Anticholinergic medications can cross the blood-brain barrier and potentially contribute to cognitive decline 4
- Alternatives without anticholinergic properties should be considered when possible, especially for older adults who are already at higher risk for cognitive decline 2, 1
- Occasional use likely poses minimal risk, but regular, long-term use warrants discussion with a healthcare provider 3, 5
- The relationship between anticholinergic drugs and dementia remains unclear, but the current evidence suggests a potential link 1, 3
It is essential to weigh the benefits and risks of using these medications, particularly for older adults or those with a history of cognitive decline. Healthcare providers should assess and optimize anticholinergic burden prior to prescribing these medications to minimize potential harm 2.