From the Research
Bilateral ankle stiffness should be managed with a multidisciplinary approach, prioritizing physical therapy, pain management with NSAIDs, and referral to an orthopedic surgeon or physiatrist for further evaluation and treatment, as the underlying cause of ankle stiffness determines the most effective treatment approach. The management of bilateral ankle stiffness typically involves a combination of non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions. Initial treatment includes physical therapy focusing on stretching exercises, range-of-motion activities, and strengthening exercises to improve flexibility and function.
- Key components of physical therapy include:
- Stretching exercises to improve ankle mobility
- Range-of-motion activities to maintain joint flexibility
- Strengthening exercises to improve ankle stability Pain management may include NSAIDs like ibuprofen (400-800mg three times daily) or naproxen (500mg twice daily) for inflammation and pain relief, as recommended by recent guidelines 1.
- Orthotic devices or supportive footwear can provide stability and reduce discomfort during daily activities. For persistent cases, referral to an orthopedic surgeon specializing in foot and ankle disorders is recommended, as they can evaluate for underlying conditions like arthritis, previous trauma, or inflammatory disorders, and provide targeted treatment, including corticosteroid injections or surgical interventions like arthroscopic debridement or ankle arthrodesis, as suggested by studies 2, 3. Physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists (physiatrists) can also provide comprehensive treatment plans, including medication management and rehabilitation therapies. The underlying cause of ankle stiffness determines the most effective treatment approach, which is why proper diagnosis through clinical examination, imaging studies like X-rays or MRI, and sometimes laboratory tests is essential for targeted management, as highlighted in recent reviews 4, 5.