From the Research
Yes, meloxicam can potentially cause oral ulcers as a side effect. Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat pain and inflammation. While not extremely common, oral ulcers are a known possible side effect of this medication, as it can cause gastrointestinal adverse events, including ulceration and bleeding 1.
Mechanism and Risk Factors
The mechanism behind this side effect is likely related to meloxicam's ability to inhibit prostaglandin production. Prostaglandins play a role in protecting the mucous membranes, including those in the mouth. By reducing prostaglandin levels, meloxicam may decrease this protective effect, potentially leading to ulcer formation. A history of gastrointestinal disorder in the previous year was associated with an increased rate of dyspepsia, abdominal pain, and peptic ulcer 2.
Minimizing the Risk
To minimize the risk of oral ulcers, patients should take meloxicam with food or milk, avoid lying down for at least 10 minutes after taking the medication, and maintain good oral hygiene. If ulcers do develop, saltwater rinses and over-the-counter oral pain gels may provide temporary relief while seeking medical advice.
Clinical Considerations
It is essential for patients taking meloxicam to be aware of this risk and monitor for any mouth sores or ulcers developing. If oral ulcers occur, patients should inform their healthcare provider, who may recommend discontinuing the medication or switching to an alternative pain reliever, depending on the severity of the ulcers and the patient's overall condition. The most recent and highest quality study on meloxicam's gastrointestinal safety profile suggests that it causes fewer adverse GI events than standard, non-COX-2-selective NSAIDs 3. However, the risk of oral ulcers should not be overlooked, and patients should be advised accordingly.