What is the likely cause of a 19-year-old female's vaginal itching, irritation, and passage of a tissue-like mass, given her history of unprotected sexual encounter in April and current use of Depo (medroxyprogesterone) injection for contraception?

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Differential Diagnosis for Vaginal Itching and Irritation

The patient presents with a history of vaginal itching, irritation, and a recent episode of passing a chunk of skin-like material, which warrants a thorough differential diagnosis. The following categories outline potential causes:

  • Single Most Likely Diagnosis
    • Yeast Infection (Candidiasis): Given the patient's symptoms of vaginal itching and irritation, which have since resolved, a yeast infection is a plausible explanation. The use of the Depo injection for contraception can alter the vaginal flora, increasing the risk of yeast infections.
  • Other Likely Diagnoses
    • Bacterial Vaginosis (BV): BV is a common cause of vaginal discharge and irritation, which could fit the patient's initial symptoms. However, the resolution of symptoms and the passage of a skin-like material make it less likely.
    • Trichomoniasis: This sexually transmitted infection (STI) can cause vaginal itching, irritation, and abnormal discharge. The patient's history of unprotected sex increases the risk of STIs.
    • Cervical Polyp or Fibroid: The passage of a chunk of skin-like material could be related to a cervical polyp or fibroid, especially if it was associated with menstrual bleeding.
  • Do Not Miss Diagnoses
    • Ectopic Pregnancy: Although the patient is on the Depo injection, which is highly effective, no contraceptive method is 100% effective. The patient's recent unprotected sex and current menstrual bleeding do not rule out an ectopic pregnancy, which is a medical emergency.
    • Cervical Cancer: Abnormal vaginal bleeding or the passage of unusual material can be a symptom of cervical cancer. While rare in young women, it is essential to consider this diagnosis, especially if the patient has a history of unprotected sex or is not up-to-date on cervical cancer screening.
  • Rare Diagnoses
    • Vaginal Tumor: A rare possibility is a vaginal tumor, which could cause abnormal bleeding or the passage of unusual material.
    • Foreign Body: The patient might have inadvertently inserted a foreign body into her vagina, which could cause irritation and the passage of unusual material.
    • Endometriosis: Although less likely, endometriosis could cause abnormal bleeding, including the passage of tissue-like material, especially if it involves the vagina or cervix.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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