Differential Diagnosis for Benign Elevated Scalp Lesions
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Seborrheic keratosis: This is a common, benign skin growth that can appear on the scalp, often presenting as a raised, waxy, or wart-like lesion. Its high prevalence and typical appearance make it a likely candidate for benign elevated scalp lesions.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Epidermoid cyst: These are benign cysts filled with keratin, a protein found in skin, and can appear as elevated lesions on the scalp. They are relatively common and can be moved under the skin.
- Dermatofibroma: A dermatofibroma is a small, hard bump that typically develops on the skin following a minor injury, like a cut or an insect bite. It's benign and can appear on the scalp.
- Keratoacanthoma: This is a low-grade, or less aggressive, type of skin cancer that can resemble a volcano, often appearing on sun-exposed areas, including the scalp. Although it's technically a form of skin cancer, it usually has a benign course.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Squamous cell carcinoma: While less common than basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer that can appear as an elevated lesion on the scalp. It has the potential to metastasize if not treated promptly.
- Basal cell carcinoma: The most common form of skin cancer, basal cell carcinoma can appear on the scalp, especially in areas exposed to the sun. It's rarely fatal but can be disfiguring if not treated.
- Merkel cell carcinoma: A rare and aggressive type of skin cancer that can appear as a firm, painless nodule on the scalp. It has a high risk of metastasis and requires early detection and treatment.
- Rare diagnoses
- Trichoepithelioma: A rare, benign tumor of the hair follicle that can appear as an elevated lesion on the scalp. It's often seen in multiple forms and can be part of a genetic syndrome.
- Pilomatrixoma: A rare, benign skin tumor that originates from the hair follicle matrix and can appear as a firm, elevated nodule on the scalp. It's more common in children and young adults.
- Cylindroma: A rare, benign skin tumor that can appear as an elevated lesion on the scalp. It can occur singly or in multiple forms and may be part of a genetic syndrome.