Differential Diagnosis for Vertical Nail Splitting
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Onychorrhexis: This is the most common cause of vertical nail splitting, often due to aging, nail trauma, or exposure to harsh chemicals, leading to brittle nails that are prone to splitting.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Nail psoriasis: This condition can cause nail changes, including vertical splitting, due to inflammation and thickening of the nail plate.
- Fungal nail infections (onychomycosis): Fungal infections can weaken the nail, leading to splitting and brittleness.
- Nutritional deficiencies (e.g., biotin, vitamin B7 deficiency): Deficiencies in certain nutrients can affect nail health, leading to brittle nails that are more prone to splitting.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Thyroid disorders (e.g., hypothyroidism): Although less common, thyroid disorders can cause nail changes, including vertical splitting, and it is crucial to rule out these conditions due to their potential impact on overall health.
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): This autoimmune disorder can cause a range of symptoms, including nail changes, and early diagnosis is essential to prevent long-term complications.
- Rare diagnoses
- Lichen planus: This rare autoimmune disorder can cause nail changes, including vertical splitting, although it is less common than other causes.
- Darier's disease: A rare genetic disorder that can affect the nails, causing changes such as vertical splitting, although it is extremely uncommon.