Differential Diagnosis for Viral Rash on Hands and Feet
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD): This is the most common diagnosis for a viral rash on the hands and feet, particularly in children. It is caused by viruses such as coxsackievirus A or enterovirus 71, and is characterized by a distinctive rash on the palms and soles, along with fever and oral ulcers.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Measles: Although less common due to vaccination, measles can cause a rash that starts on the face and spreads to the hands and feet. It is accompanied by fever, cough, and conjunctivitis.
- Rubella: Similar to measles, rubella (German measles) can cause a rash that spreads to the hands and feet, along with fever and lymphadenopathy.
- Enterovirus infections: Besides HFMD, other enteroviruses can cause rashes on the hands and feet, often accompanied by fever and systemic symptoms.
- Do Not Miss diagnoses
- Meningococcemia: This is a life-threatening infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis, which can cause a rash on the hands and feet, along with fever, shock, and meningitis. Early recognition and treatment are crucial.
- Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever: This tick-borne illness can cause a rash on the hands and feet, along with fever, headache, and abdominal pain. It requires prompt antibiotic treatment to prevent serious complications.
- Rare diagnoses
- Kawasaki Disease: This rare condition can cause a rash on the hands and feet, along with fever, lymphadenopathy, and conjunctivitis. It is an important diagnosis to consider, as it can lead to cardiac complications if left untreated.
- Erythema multiforme: This is a rare skin condition that can cause a rash on the hands and feet, often triggered by viral infections or medications. It can be associated with systemic symptoms and requires prompt treatment to prevent complications.