What is the cause of trigger finger (stenosing tenosynovitis)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: May 28, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Differential Diagnosis for Locking Finger

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Trigger finger: This is the most common cause of a locking finger, resulting from inflammation of the tendon sheath, which causes the tendon to catch or lock as it moves through the sheath.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Dupuytren's contracture: A condition where one or more fingers become permanently bent in a flexed position, which can cause the finger to lock.
    • Osteoarthritis: Wear and tear on the joints can cause stiffness, pain, and locking of the fingers.
    • Rheumatoid arthritis: Inflammation of the joints can cause pain, stiffness, and locking of the fingers.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
    • Infection (e.g., septic arthritis): Bacterial or fungal infections can cause severe pain, swelling, and locking of the finger, and if left untreated, can lead to serious complications.
    • Tumor (e.g., giant cell tumor): A rare tumor that can cause pain, swelling, and locking of the finger.
    • Fracture or dislocation: Trauma to the finger can cause locking, and if not properly treated, can lead to long-term damage.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Scleroderma: A rare autoimmune disorder that can cause thickening of the skin and connective tissue, leading to stiffness and locking of the fingers.
    • Diabetic cheiroarthropathy: A rare complication of diabetes that can cause stiffness and locking of the fingers.
    • Camptodactyly: A rare congenital condition that causes one or more fingers to be permanently bent, which can cause locking.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.