From the Research
To treat hand swelling, it is recommended to start with topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as diclofenac or ketoprofen, as they have demonstrated significant reduction in pain and improvement of function with a moderate effect size, as shown in a 2021 systematic review and meta-analysis 1. When treating hand swelling, it is essential to consider the underlying cause of the swelling, which can be due to inflammation, injury, or poor circulation.
- Elevating the hand above heart level and applying ice for 15-20 minutes several times daily can help reduce swelling and pain.
- Topical NSAIDs, such as diclofenac or ketoprofen, can be used to reduce inflammation and pain, and have been shown to be effective in treating knee osteoarthritis, with a moderate effect size for improvement in pain and physical function 1.
- Compression can also help, using a compression glove or wrapping the hand with an elastic bandage, but not too tightly.
- Resting the hand and avoiding activities that worsen the swelling is also crucial.
- Staying hydrated and reducing salt intake can help minimize fluid retention.
- If the swelling is due to an injury, following the RICE protocol (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) for the first 48-72 hours can help reduce swelling and pain. It is essential to note that while oral NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, can be used to reduce inflammation and pain, they may have a higher risk of adverse events, such as gastrointestinal or cardiovascular events, as shown in a 2018 randomized clinical trial 2. If the swelling persists beyond a few days, worsens significantly, is accompanied by severe pain, fever, or skin changes, it is crucial to seek medical attention, as it could indicate a more serious condition like infection, fracture, or underlying medical issue requiring professional treatment.