From the Guidelines
A concise over-the-counter protocol for post-COVID endothelial and glycocalyx dysfunction should prioritize supplements that target inflammation, oxidative stress, and vascular repair, as evidenced by recent studies 1. The protocol should include a combination of supplements that work synergistically to address the underlying mechanisms of vascular damage in post-COVID syndrome.
- Start with daily Vitamin D3 (2000-4000 IU), Vitamin C (500-1000mg twice daily), and Quercetin (500mg twice daily) to reduce inflammation and oxidative damage.
- Add Omega-3 fatty acids (1-2g daily of EPA/DHA) to improve endothelial function and reduce inflammation.
- N-acetylcysteine (NAC, 600mg twice daily) can help restore glutathione levels and reduce oxidative stress.
- Consider adding nattokinase (100mg daily) for its fibrinolytic properties and resveratrol (250-500mg daily) for endothelial support.
- Melatonin (3-10mg before bed) may help with both sleep and vascular repair. This protocol should be followed for at least 2-3 months, with hydration (2-3 liters of water daily) being essential for glycocalyx recovery, as highlighted in studies focusing on COVID-19 complications 1. The supplements work together to reduce inflammation, neutralize free radicals, support nitric oxide production, and promote repair of the endothelial glycocalyx layer that lines blood vessels and becomes damaged during COVID-19 infection, ultimately contributing to microcirculatory dysfunction, clotting abnormalities, and persistent symptoms 1.
From the Research
Over-the-Counter Protocol for Post-COVID Endothelial and Glycocalyx Dysfunction
- The study 2 suggests that a glycocalyx dietary supplement (GDS) containing glucosamine sulfate and fucoidan may improve endothelial glycocalyx and vascular function after COVID-19 infection.
- Key components of the protocol may include:
- Glucosamine sulfate
- Fucoidan
- The study 2 found that patients who received GDS for 4 months showed significant improvements in endothelial glycocalyx integrity, vascular function, and oxidative stress markers compared to those who received a placebo.
Mechanisms and Rationale
- Endothelial dysfunction is a key feature of COVID-19, and damage to the vascular endothelial glycocalyx may contribute to severe complications 3, 4, 5, 6.
- The glycocalyx plays a crucial role in maintaining vascular homeostasis, and its damage may lead to increased vascular permeability, inflammation, and thrombosis 3, 6.
- The use of GDS may help to restore glycocalyx function and improve vascular health, potentially reducing the risk of long-term complications 2.
Potential Benefits and Considerations
- The protocol may be beneficial for individuals who have experienced post-COVID endothelial and glycocalyx dysfunction, as it may help to improve vascular function and reduce oxidative stress 2.
- However, further research is needed to fully understand the effects of GDS on post-COVID complications and to determine the optimal dosage and duration of treatment 2.