Does a computed tomography (CT) scan to assess for possible umbilical hernia require contrast?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: June 7, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the FDA Drug Label

The decision to employ contrast enhancement, which may be associated with risk and increased radiation exposure, should be based upon a careful evaluation of clinical, other radiological, and unenhanced CT findings. Unenhanced scanning may provide adequate diagnostic information in the individual patient

A CT scan to assess for possible umbilical hernia may not require contrast. The decision to use contrast should be based on a careful evaluation of the patient's clinical and radiological findings, as unenhanced scanning may provide adequate diagnostic information 1.

From the Research

No, a CT scan to assess for a possible umbilical hernia typically does not require contrast. Standard non-contrast CT imaging is usually sufficient to evaluate the abdominal wall for hernias, as these defects are primarily anatomical in nature and can be well visualized without contrast enhancement. The scan will show the fascial defect in the umbilical region and any protruding abdominal contents such as fat or bowel.

Key Points to Consider

  • In certain complex cases, such as when there is concern for bowel obstruction, strangulation, or other complications, contrast may be added to better evaluate the blood supply to the herniated tissues or to assess for other intra-abdominal pathology.
  • However, for routine evaluation of an uncomplicated umbilical hernia, non-contrast CT provides adequate visualization of the hernia defect, its contents, and surrounding structures.
  • This approach also avoids potential risks associated with contrast agents such as allergic reactions or kidney problems in susceptible individuals, as noted in guidelines for intravenous contrast use 2.

Evidence Supporting Non-Contrast CT

  • A study published in 2024 found a high prevalence of umbilical hernias on CT scans, with many cases being under-reported, suggesting that non-contrast CT can effectively identify these defects 3.
  • Other studies have discussed the examination and treatment of umbilical hernias, but do not specifically address the need for contrast in CT scans 4, 5.
  • The use of non-contrast CT is also supported by studies on the evaluation of vascular disorders, which can be identified without the need for contrast agents 6.

References

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.