From the Research
The primary purpose of 7% nebulized sodium chloride (hypertonic saline) is to improve lung function and quality of life in patients with conditions like cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, or other chronic respiratory diseases characterized by thick secretions. This concentrated saline solution works by drawing water into the airways through osmosis, which helps hydrate and thin the mucus, making it easier to cough up and clear from the lungs.
Key Points
- The solution is typically administered via a nebulizer for 10-15 minutes, once or twice daily, though frequency may vary based on individual needs and physician recommendations 1.
- The use of 7% hypertonic saline has been shown to improve lung function, quality of life, and reduce healthcare utilization in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis 1.
- Some patients may experience side effects such as cough, throat irritation, or bronchospasm, especially during initial use, and a bronchodilator is often administered before the hypertonic saline to minimize these effects.
- The effectiveness of this therapy stems from its ability to improve mucociliary clearance and lung function by addressing the fundamental problem of dehydrated, viscous secretions that obstruct airways and harbor infections.
Administration and Safety
- The solution should be used with a clean nebulizer to prevent contamination and potential infections 2.
- Different nebulizers may deliver varying amounts of hypertonic saline, and the choice of nebulizer may affect the efficacy of the treatment 2.
- While 7% hypertonic saline is commonly used, some studies suggest that 3% hypertonic saline may be more effective in certain patients, highlighting the need for individualized treatment plans 3.
Comparison with Other Treatments
- Hypertonic saline is often used in conjunction with other treatments, such as dornase alfa, to improve lung function and reduce pulmonary exacerbations in patients with cystic fibrosis 4, 5.
- The choice of treatment may depend on individual patient needs and responses, and further research is needed to determine the optimal treatment regimens for different patient populations.