From the Research
Treatment for astrovirus and norovirus infections primarily focuses on supportive care, as there are no specific antiviral medications approved for these viral gastroenteritis cases. Beyond home management, healthcare providers should emphasize aggressive oral rehydration with electrolyte solutions to prevent dehydration. In severe cases requiring medical intervention, intravenous fluid replacement may be necessary, typically with isotonic solutions like lactated Ringer's or normal saline. Anti-emetics such as ondansetron can be considered for severe vomiting, though these should be used cautiously in children, as shown in a study where ondansetron reduced duration of rotavirus clinical symptoms 1. Some key points to consider in the management of these infections include:
- Aggressive oral rehydration
- Intravenous fluid replacement in severe cases
- Anti-emetics like ondansetron for severe vomiting
- Infection control measures, including contact precautions, proper hand hygiene with soap and water, and environmental disinfection with chlorine-based products, as norovirus can survive in the environment and is highly contagious 2. Infection control measures are crucial in healthcare settings to prevent outbreaks, particularly in healthcare facilities, nursing homes, and childcare settings. It's also important to note that chronic norovirus infection can be a significant risk for patients with immunodeficiency, and treatment options like ribavirin have been linked to viral clearance in some cases 3. Overall, the management of astrovirus and norovirus infections requires a comprehensive approach that includes supportive care, infection control measures, and careful consideration of treatment options for severe or chronic cases.