From the Research
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) typically develops in individuals after the age of 35 years, with a slower onset and often initially misdiagnosed as type 2 diabetes. The condition is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against pancreatic beta cells, similar to type 1 diabetes, but with a slower progression of beta cell destruction 1. This slower progression means that people with LADA may not require insulin therapy immediately after diagnosis, sometimes managing with oral medications for months or years before insulin becomes necessary.
Key Characteristics of LADA
- The presence of autoantibodies, such as GAD (glutamic acid decarboxylase) antibodies, which are present in about 80% of LADA cases 1
- A slower progression of beta cell destruction compared to type 1 diabetes
- Often initially misdiagnosed as type 2 diabetes due to its slower onset and clinical presentation
- Eventual requirement for insulin therapy due to the progressive autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells
Importance of Early Recognition
Early recognition of LADA is crucial for appropriate treatment planning, as these patients will eventually require insulin therapy due to the progressive autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells 1. The diagnosis typically involves testing for autoantibodies, and determination of autoantibodies is necessary in order to correctly classify the type of diabetes.
Treatment Approach
The treatment approach for LADA should prioritize the preservation of beta-cell function and the attainment of optimal metabolic control to decrease the risk of long-term diabetes complications 2. Recent data concerning the use of oral antidiabetic agents, such as dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, indicate promising results in terms of protecting C-peptide levels and improving glycemic control 2.