What are the names of the commercially available COVID‑19 vaccines?

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Last updated: October 30, 2026 • View editorial policy

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Vaccini COVID-19 Disponibili in Commercio

I vaccini COVID-19 attualmente disponibili in commercio sono: Moderna (Spikevax), Pfizer-BioNTech (Comirnaty) e Novavax (Nuvaxovid), tutti aggiornati per la stagione 2024-2025 contro le varianti Omicron JN.1 e KP.2. 1

Vaccini Autorizzati dalla FDA e Raccomandati dall'ACIP

Le linee guida ACIP 2024-2025 identificano tre vaccini principali approvati o autorizzati per l'uso negli Stati Uniti:

Vaccini a mRNA:

  • Moderna (Spikevax) - formulazione KP.2 monovalente
  • Pfizer-BioNTech (Comirnaty) - formulazione KP.2 monovalente

Vaccino a Subunità Proteica:

  • Novavax (Nuvaxovid) - formulazione JN.1 monovalente

Tutti questi vaccini sono diretti contro il lignaggio Omicron JN.1 (ceppi JN.1 e KP.2) e sono raccomandati per tutte le persone di età ≥6 mesi 1.

Disponibilità per Fascia d'Età

Per bambini 6 mesi-11 anni:

  • Moderna e Pfizer-BioNTech (sotto autorizzazione d'uso d'emergenza)

Per persone 5-11 anni:

  • Moderna e Pfizer-BioNTech

Per persone ≥12 anni:

  • Moderna, Pfizer-BioNTech e Novavax 1

Vaccini Storicamente Utilizzati

Le linee guida menzionano anche il vaccino Janssen (Johnson & Johnson) per persone ≥18 anni, sebbene non sia più tra i vaccini raccomandati per la stagione 2024-2025 1.

Considerazioni Importanti

Caveat clinico: Novavax richiede 2 dosi per persone non precedentemente vaccinate di età ≥12 anni, mentre i vaccini a mRNA richiedono solo 1 dose per la maggior parte delle persone immunocompetenti 1. Questa differenza è fondamentale nella pianificazione vaccinale.

Nota sulla disponibilità globale: La ricerca identifica altri vaccini approvati a livello mondiale come CoronaVac, Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac), Covaxin, Convidecia e altri 2, ma questi non sono attualmente autorizzati negli Stati Uniti per la stagione 2024-2025.

I tre vaccini principali (Moderna, Pfizer-BioNTech, Novavax) hanno dimostrato forte immunogenicità contro le varianti circolanti e profili di sicurezza coerenti con le formulazioni precedenti 1.

References

2
Research

Globally approved vaccines for COVID-19: a systematic review.

Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology], 2025

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