From the Research
Yes, iron deficiency can cause dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). Iron deficiency can lead to a condition called Plummer-Vinson syndrome (also known as Paterson-Brown-Kelly syndrome), which is characterized by dysphagia, iron deficiency anemia, and esophageal webs. The dysphagia occurs because iron deficiency can cause atrophy of the mucosa in the mouth, throat, and esophagus, as well as the formation of these thin membranes (webs) in the upper esophagus that make swallowing difficult.
Key Points
- Iron deficiency is a known cause of dysphagia, particularly in the context of Plummer-Vinson syndrome 1.
- Treatment involves iron supplementation, typically with oral ferrous sulfate, to improve iron stores and alleviate symptoms.
- The connection between iron deficiency and dysphagia highlights the importance of iron in maintaining the health and function of epithelial tissues throughout the digestive tract.
Treatment and Management
Treatment for iron deficiency-related dysphagia typically involves iron supplementation, with the goal of improving iron stores and alleviating symptoms. Oral ferrous sulfate is commonly used, taken 1-3 times daily between meals with vitamin C to enhance absorption 1. Most patients experience improvement in swallowing within weeks of starting iron therapy as tissue changes begin to reverse. In severe cases where esophageal webs are causing significant obstruction, endoscopic dilation may be necessary alongside iron replacement.
Importance of Iron Supplementation
Iron supplementation is crucial in managing iron deficiency-related dysphagia. The choice of iron supplement can impact tolerability and efficacy, with some studies suggesting that certain formulations may have fewer gastrointestinal side effects 2. However, the primary goal is to restore iron stores and improve symptoms, making the selection of an appropriate iron supplement based on patient needs and tolerance essential.