Functional Urinary Incontinence: This is the most common cause of urinary incontinence in children around this age. It often results from a combination of factors including bladder control issues, constipation, and behavioral factors. The child may have difficulty sensing a full bladder or may not be able to get to the bathroom in time.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): UTIs can cause discomfort and lead to urinary incontinence in children. Symptoms may include dysuria, frequency, and urgency.
Constipation: Constipation is a common issue in children and can cause urinary incontinence due to the pressure it puts on the bladder.
Neurogenic Bladder: Although less common, neurogenic bladder due to conditions like spina bifida can cause urinary incontinence. However, this would typically be diagnosed earlier in life.

Diabetes Mellitus: New-onset diabetes can cause polyuria leading to incontinence. It's crucial to consider this diagnosis due to its significant impact on the child's health if left untreated.
Spinal Cord Injury or Tumor: Any condition affecting the spinal cord can lead to neurogenic bladder and incontinence. Early detection is critical for treatment and preventing long-term damage.
Ectopic Ureter: A congenital anomaly where the ureter opens at a location other than the bladder, which can cause continuous incontinence.

Bladder Exstrophy: A rare congenital anomaly where the bladder is open and turned inside out. It's usually diagnosed at birth but can be considered in cases of incontinence if not previously identified.
Prune Belly Syndrome: A rare condition characterized by the absence of abdominal muscles, undescended testes in males, and urinary tract anomalies, which can lead to incontinence.
Causes of Overflow Incontinence: Such as bladder outlet obstruction or detrusor underactivity, which are less common in children but should be considered in the differential diagnosis.