From the Research
Management of acanthosis nigricans primarily focuses on treating the underlying cause while improving the appearance of affected skin, with the most recent and highest quality study suggesting that weight reduction and addressing the underlying cause are crucial for effective management 1. The first step is addressing any associated conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, or hormonal disorders.
- Weight loss through diet and exercise is often the most effective treatment for obesity-related acanthosis nigricans, as it can reduce insulin resistance and improve skin appearance.
- For diabetic patients, proper glucose control with medications like metformin may help, as it improves insulin sensitivity 2.
- Topical treatments can help improve skin appearance, including retinoids, alpha hydroxy acids, or salicylic acid preparations.
- For severe cases, oral retinoids or cosmetic procedures like dermabrasion or laser therapy may be considered under dermatologist supervision. It's essential to understand that skin improvements may take months to become visible, and complete resolution depends on successful management of the underlying condition, with regular follow-up with healthcare providers necessary to monitor progress and adjust treatment as needed 3, 4. Key considerations in management include:
- Early recognition of acanthosis nigricans to identify and treat underlying systemic disorders or malignancy 1.
- Use of quantitative scales, such as the Burke scale, to assess the severity of the dermatosis and its correlation with insulin resistance elements 2.
- Dermoscopic examination and skin biopsy may be necessary in some cases to confirm diagnosis and guide treatment 2.