Differential Diagnosis for a Patient Who is Cold All the Time
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Hypothyroidism: This condition is characterized by the underproduction of thyroid hormones, which can lead to feelings of cold intolerance. It's a common endocrine disorder that can cause a variety of symptoms, including cold sensitivity.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Anemia: A decrease in red blood cells or hemoglobin can lead to reduced oxygen delivery to tissues, causing feelings of coldness.
- Poor Circulation: Conditions such as peripheral artery disease can reduce blood flow to extremities, making them feel cold.
- Malnutrition or Starvation: Inadequate nutrition can lead to a decrease in metabolic rate, causing feelings of coldness.
- Diabetes: Some people with diabetes may experience cold hands and feet due to nerve damage or poor circulation.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Hypopituitarism: A rare condition where the pituitary gland does not produce one or more of its hormones, or not enough of them. It can lead to hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, and other hormonal imbalances that may cause cold intolerance.
- Adrenal Insufficiency: A condition where the adrenal glands do not produce adequate amounts of hormones, including cortisol and aldosterone. It can cause a range of symptoms, including cold intolerance.
- Sepsis or Septic Shock: Although less common, systemic infections can cause vasodilation and decreased peripheral circulation, leading to feelings of coldness.
Rare Diagnoses
- Mitochondrial Myopathies: A group of disorders that affect the mitochondria, leading to impaired energy production and potentially causing cold intolerance.
- Brown Adipose Tissue Dysfunction: A rare condition where the brown adipose tissue, responsible for heat production, is dysfunctional.
- Certain Neurological Disorders: Such as multiple sclerosis or peripheral neuropathy, which can affect the body's ability to regulate temperature.