From the Research
Ringworm is characterized by a red, circular rash with clearer skin in the center, creating a ring-like pattern, and is typically scaly, itchy, and slightly raised at the edges. The size of these rings can vary from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter. Sometimes the rash can be dry and flaky or develop small blisters, particularly at the edges. The appearance can differ depending on the body location - on the scalp, it may cause patches of hair loss with black dots where hair has broken off; on the feet (athlete's foot), it presents as dry, flaky skin between toes; and on nails, it causes thickening, discoloration, and brittleness. Despite its name, ringworm isn't caused by a worm but by various fungi called dermatophytes that infect the outer layers of skin, hair, and nails, as noted in studies such as 1. These fungi thrive in warm, moist environments, which explains why infections commonly occur in skin folds and frequently touched areas.
Key Characteristics of Ringworm
- Red, circular rash with clearer skin in the center
- Scaly, itchy, and slightly raised at the edges
- Size can vary from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter
- Can be dry and flaky or develop small blisters, particularly at the edges
- Appearance differs depending on the body location
Causes and Risk Factors
Ringworm is caused by dermatophytes, a type of fungus that infects the outer layers of skin, hair, and nails, as discussed in 2. The risk of infection is higher in warm, moist environments, and in skin folds and frequently touched areas.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis is typically made based on clinical appearance and can be confirmed by microscopy or culture, as mentioned in 1. Treatment usually involves topical antifungal medications, and in severe cases, oral antifungal agents may be necessary, as noted in 2. It's essential to follow proper treatment guidelines to prevent the spread of infection and promote effective healing.