From the Research
Moisture does indeed predispose to pressure ulcers, as it weakens the skin's integrity and increases the risk of damage from friction and shear forces. According to the most recent and highest quality study, 1, pressure ulcer development arises due to the adverse effects of pressure, shear, friction, and moisture at the skin/surface interface. The study highlights the importance of minimizing moisture to prevent pressure ulcers, which can be achieved through the use of dressings that absorb and redistribute moisture.
Key factors that contribute to the development of pressure ulcers include:
- Pressure
- Shearing forces
- Friction
- Moisture
To prevent moisture-related pressure ulcers, the following strategies can be implemented:
- Regular skin assessment and cleansing routine
- Use of moisture barriers like zinc oxide creams
- Absorbent underpads or briefs for incontinent patients
- Prompt changing of soiled linens
- Specialized moisture-wicking fabrics and air-flow mattresses
It is also important to address the underlying causes of excessive moisture, such as managing incontinence or hyperhidrosis, as part of comprehensive pressure ulcer prevention. As noted in 2, moisture increases the skin's coefficient of friction, making it more susceptible to damage from friction and shear forces, especially in older or diabetic patients.
Overall, managing moisture is a critical component of pressure ulcer prevention, and healthcare professionals should prioritize this aspect of care to reduce the risk of pressure ulcer development and promote optimal patient outcomes.