Does semaglutide (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist) cause osteoporosis?

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Last updated: July 3, 2025View editorial policy

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From the FDA Drug Label

In the cardiovascular outcomes trial, patients aged 75 years and older reported more fractures of the hip and pelvis on WEGOVY than on placebo

The FDA drug label suggests that semaglutide may be associated with an increased risk of fractures, particularly in older adults (aged 75 years and older). However, it does not directly state that semaglutide causes osteoporosis.

  • Key points:
    • Increased risk of fractures in older adults
    • No direct mention of osteoporosis as a cause
    • Association between semaglutide and fractures, particularly in older adults 1

From the Research

Semaglutide does not cause osteoporosis, and in fact, recent evidence suggests it may have a neutral or even beneficial effect on bone health. Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used for treating type 2 diabetes and obesity, has been studied for its potential impact on bone density and fracture risk. While some weight loss medications can potentially affect bone health, particularly with rapid weight loss, the specific impact of semaglutide on bone density remains a topic of research.

  • A recent study published in 2025 2 found that semaglutide had a positive effect on bone formation and microarchitecture in an ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis, suggesting a potential protective effect on bone health.
  • Another study published in 2024 3 found that semaglutide had a neutral effect on bone mass and microarchitecture in type 2 diabetic mice, with no significant changes in bone formation or resorption markers.
  • However, a clinical trial published in 2024 4 found that semaglutide did not increase bone formation and may have even increased bone resorption in adults with increased fracture risk, although this study had a small sample size and limited follow-up period.
  • Overall, the current evidence suggests that semaglutide is unlikely to cause osteoporosis, and may even have beneficial effects on bone health, particularly in high-risk individuals such as postmenopausal women or those with a history of fractures.
  • Patients taking semaglutide who are concerned about bone health should maintain adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, engage in weight-bearing exercise, and discuss bone density monitoring with their healthcare provider.
  • Regular medical follow-up while on semaglutide is important to monitor for any potential long-term effects on bone health.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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