From the FDA Drug Label
The MIC values for enrofloxacin against these isolates are presented in Table I. Most strains of these organisms were found to be susceptible to enrofloxacin in vitro but the clinical significance has not been determined for some of the isolates. TABLE I – MIC Values for Enrofloxacin Against Canine Pathogens (Diagnostic laboratory isolates, 1984) OrganismsIsolatesMIC Range (mcg/mL) Bacteroides spp. 2 2 Bordatella bronchiseptica3 0.125-0.5
The treatment for Bordetella bronchiseptica is enrofloxacin (PO), as it has been shown to be effective against this organism with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of 0.125-0.5 mcg/mL 1.
From the Research
The treatment for Bordetella bronchiseptica should prioritize carbapenems and fluoroquinolones as the first-line antibiotics due to their effectiveness against this species, as evidenced by a recent case study 2. The choice of antibiotic is crucial in treating B. bronchiseptica infections, as macrolide antibiotics, which are commonly used for other Bordetella species, are generally not effective against B. bronchiseptica 2. Some key points to consider in the treatment of B. bronchiseptica include:
- The use of carbapenems and fluoroquinolones as empirical treatment during the delay of microbiological speciation, given their broad-spectrum activity and effectiveness against B. bronchiseptica 2
- The importance of supportive care, including adequate hydration, rest, and possibly bronchodilators if wheezing or bronchospasm is present
- The need for prompt treatment, as B. bronchiseptica can cause persistent respiratory symptoms and, in rare cases, progress to more severe infections, particularly in those with compromised immune systems
- The zoonotic nature of the infection, which highlights the importance of limiting contact with infected animals during treatment While other studies have investigated the antimicrobial susceptibility of B. bronchiseptica, such as the activity of fluoroquinolones 3 and the use of doxycycline in cats 4, the most recent and relevant evidence supports the use of carbapenems and fluoroquinolones as the primary treatment option 2.