From the Research
Yes, chondromalacia can cause excessive knee swelling and pain. Chondromalacia patellae, also known as patellofemoral pain syndrome, occurs when the cartilage under the kneecap (patella) softens and deteriorates, leading to inflammation, as noted in a study published in 2023 1. This condition typically causes pain around or behind the kneecap that worsens with activities like climbing stairs, squatting, or sitting with bent knees for extended periods. The swelling results from increased joint fluid produced in response to the cartilage damage and inflammation. Management typically includes:
- Rest
- Ice application for 15-20 minutes several times daily
- Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications like ibuprofen (400-800mg three times daily with food) or naproxen (220-500mg twice daily)
- Physical therapy focusing on quadriceps and hip strengthening exercises Wearing a patellar stabilizing brace during activities can also help reduce pain. The condition occurs because improper tracking of the patella causes abnormal pressure on the cartilage, often due to muscle imbalances, overuse, or anatomical factors, as discussed in earlier studies 2, 3. If conservative measures fail to provide relief after 4-6 weeks, consultation with an orthopedic specialist is recommended for further evaluation and treatment options. It's worth noting that clinical tests for patellar chondromalacia have been found to have low sensitivity and specificity, as reported in a 2001 study 4, highlighting the importance of thorough diagnostic evaluation. Additionally, a 2023 study 1 introduced the patellar cartilage cross-sectional area (PCCSA) as a predictive parameter for diagnosing chondromalacia patella, which may aid in more accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.