From the Research
Geographic tongue typically doesn't require specific treatment as it's a benign condition that often resolves on its own, but for symptomatic relief, avoiding spicy, acidic, or hot foods and using topical treatments can help manage discomfort. For symptomatic relief, some options include:
- Avoiding spicy, acidic, or hot foods that can trigger discomfort
- Over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or NSAIDs to help manage pain
- Topical anesthetics such as benzocaine oral gel (Orajel) applied directly to painful areas for temporary relief
- Rinsing with a mixture of equal parts water and hydrogen peroxide or using alcohol-free mouthwash to soothe irritation
- For persistent or severe cases, a dentist or doctor might prescribe topical corticosteroids like triamcinolone dental paste 0.1% applied to affected areas 2-3 times daily, or antihistamines to reduce inflammation, as seen in a study from 1 Some studies suggest that zinc supplements (zinc gluconate 50mg daily) may help some patients, as patients with geographic tongue had lower levels of salivary zinc compared to the control group, as reported in 2. Additionally, a recent study from 3 found that a mixture of aspirin and ethanol was effective in treating symptomatic geographic tongue, with 91.3% of patients being asymptomatic at 3 months of follow-up. It's also important to note that identifying and avoiding risk factors, such as chili, can help manage symptomatic geographic tongue, as highlighted in a case report from 4. Geographic tongue results from temporary loss of papillae on the tongue surface, creating a map-like appearance, and while it may recur, it's not infectious or cancerous, as stated in 1. Good oral hygiene and staying hydrated can help maintain overall oral health during flare-ups. In terms of treatment, the most recent and highest quality study from 3 suggests that a mixture of aspirin and ethanol may be an effective treatment option for symptomatic geographic tongue.