What is the recommended dose of atropine for treating ventricular tachycardia (VT), atrial fibrillation (AF), and extrasystoles induced by organophosphorus poisoning?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: July 22, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Atropine Dosing for Organophosphorus-Induced Cardiac Arrhythmias

For organophosphorus poisoning-induced cardiac arrhythmias (VT, AF, extrasystoles), administer atropine immediately at an initial dose of 2-3 mg IV, repeated every 20-30 minutes until full atropinization is achieved, with doses doubled every 5 minutes if needed. 1, 2

Dosing Protocol for Organophosphorus-Induced Cardiac Toxicity

Initial Dosing

  • Initial dose: 2-3 mg IV bolus 2
  • If no response within 5 minutes, double the previous dose
  • Continue doubling doses every 5 minutes until atropinization is achieved

Signs of Adequate Atropinization

  • Clear chest on auscultation (absence of bronchorrhea/secretions)
  • Heart rate >80 beats/minute
  • Systolic blood pressure >80 mmHg 1
  • Resolution of bronchospasm

Maintenance Therapy

  • After initial atropinization, maintain with continuous IV infusion
  • Titrate infusion based on recurrence of cholinergic symptoms
  • Total doses required may be extremely high (reported cases using up to 3000 mg) 3, 4

Special Considerations

Severity-Based Approach

  • For severe poisoning with cardiac manifestations, aggressive atropinization is essential
  • Patients with ventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, or frequent extrasystoles require higher initial doses
  • The total cumulative dose may need to be much higher than standard cardiac protocols

Monitoring During Treatment

  • Continuous ECG monitoring is mandatory
  • Monitor respiratory status closely
  • Watch for signs of atropine toxicity (confusion, hallucinations, hyperthermia)
  • Assess for resolution of cholinergic symptoms

Important Caveats

  • Doses <0.5 mg may cause paradoxical bradycardia and should be avoided 1
  • Standard cardiac dosing protocols (0.5-1 mg) are insufficient for organophosphate poisoning
  • Inadequate atropinization is a common pitfall in management
  • Delayed atropinization significantly increases mortality
  • Some patients may require extremely high doses (several grams) over the course of treatment 4

Adjunctive Therapy

  • Pralidoxime (2-PAM) should be administered concurrently at 1-2 g IV initially, followed by continuous infusion at 7.5 mg/kg/hr 1, 3
  • Early endotracheal intubation is recommended for severe poisoning 1
  • Benzodiazepines should be used to control seizures and agitation 1

The key to successful management is recognizing that organophosphorus poisoning requires much higher atropine doses than typical cardiac protocols, with aggressive initial dosing and careful titration based on clinical response rather than adhering to standard maximum dose limits.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.