Differential Diagnosis for Severe Gas Buildup in Abdomen
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Intestinal Obstruction: This condition is characterized by a blockage that prevents the normal flow of intestinal contents, leading to severe gas buildup. It is a common cause of abdominal distension and can be due to various reasons such as adhesions, hernias, or tumors.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Ileus: A condition where there is a temporary halt of the normal contractions of the bowel muscles, leading to gas buildup. It can be postoperative, drug-induced, or due to various medical conditions.
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can cause gas buildup due to inflammation and altered bowel habits.
- Gastroenteritis: Infections of the stomach and intestines can lead to gas buildup, especially if caused by gas-producing bacteria.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Perforated Viscus: A hole in the wall of the stomach or intestine can lead to free air in the abdominal cavity, which is a medical emergency. Although less common, missing this diagnosis can be fatal.
- Mesenteric Ischemia: Reduced blood flow to the intestines can cause gas buildup and is a life-threatening condition if not promptly treated.
- Toxic Megacolon: A serious complication of inflammatory bowel disease or infections, characterized by a very inflated colon, which can lead to perforation and is life-threatening.
Rare Diagnoses
- Hirschsprung's Disease: A congenital condition affecting the large intestine, leading to severe constipation and gas buildup, typically diagnosed in infancy but can be missed and present later in life.
- Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction: A rare condition where the muscles or nerves in the intestines do not work properly, leading to symptoms similar to those of a true obstruction.
- Abdominal Tuberculosis: Although rare in some parts of the world, abdominal TB can cause gas buildup among other symptoms, and its diagnosis can be challenging.