Allergic Reaction: This is the most likely diagnosis given the symptoms of severe urticaria and swelling after ingesting various substances. The reaction could be anaphylaxis or a severe allergic reaction, which is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention.

Anaphylactoid Reaction: Similar to an allergic reaction but does not involve an immune-mediated response. It can be caused by contrast agents used in CT scans or certain medications.
Drug Hypersensitivity: Given the history of reactions to penicillin, a drug hypersensitivity reaction is possible, especially if the patient has a known allergy to penicillin or similar antibiotics.
Sulfite Sensitivity: White wine contains sulfites, which can cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals, leading to symptoms like urticaria and swelling.

Hereditary Angioedema: A rare but potentially life-threatening condition that can cause severe swelling, especially of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. It's crucial to consider this diagnosis, especially if the patient has a family history or if the swelling involves the airway.
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Although rare, these conditions are severe skin and mucous membrane disorders usually caused by medications, including antibiotics like penicillin. They can present with urticaria and swelling among other symptoms.

Mastocytosis: A condition characterized by an accumulation of mast cells in one or more organs, which can lead to episodes of severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis.
Idiopathic Anaphylaxis: A rare condition where anaphylaxis occurs without an identifiable cause, which could potentially be triggered by any of the substances listed if no other explanation is found.