Heart Failure: This condition can cause both pitting and non-pitting edema due to fluid overload and increased venous pressure. Pitting edema is more common in the early stages, while non-pitting edema can occur in more chronic cases due to fibrosis and lymphatic obstruction.

Chronic Venous Insufficiency: This condition often presents with pitting edema, but long-standing cases can lead to non-pitting edema due to chronic inflammation and fibrosis.
Lymphedema: Typically presents as non-pitting edema, but in the early stages, it can be pitting. It's caused by obstruction of lymphatic vessels or nodes.
Nephrotic Syndrome: Characterized by heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. The edema can be both pitting and non-pitting, depending on the severity and chronicity of the condition.
Hypothyroidism: Can cause both pitting and non-pitting edema due to the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in the skin and decreased lymphatic drainage.

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Although DVT typically presents with unilateral pitting edema, it's crucial not to miss this diagnosis due to the risk of pulmonary embolism.
Compartment Syndrome: A medical emergency that can present with non-pitting edema, pain, and decreased mobility of the affected limb.
Sepsis or Septic Shock: Can cause both pitting and non-pitting edema due to capillary leak syndrome and fluid resuscitation efforts.

Scleroderma: A chronic autoimmune disease that can cause non-pitting edema of the skin, leading to thickening and hardening.
Lipedema: A rare condition characterized by non-pitting edema of the lower extremities due to abnormal fat distribution.
Filarial Lymphedema (Elephantiasis): Caused by parasitic infection leading to chronic lymphatic obstruction and non-pitting edema, typically in tropical regions.