ICD-10 Codes for Insomnia
The primary ICD-10 code for insomnia disorder is G47.00 (Insomnia, unspecified) 1, 2.
Classification of Insomnia Codes
Insomnia can be coded more specifically based on its etiology and characteristics:
Primary Insomnia Codes
- G47.00: Insomnia, unspecified
- G47.01: Insomnia due to medical condition
- G47.09: Other insomnia
Specific Insomnia Types
- F51.01: Primary insomnia
- F51.02: Adjustment insomnia
- F51.03: Paradoxical insomnia
- F51.04: Psychophysiological insomnia
- F51.05: Idiopathic insomnia
Secondary Insomnia Codes
- F51.8: Other sleep disorders not due to substance or known physiological condition
- G47.10: Insomnia due to medical condition
Coding Guidelines
When coding insomnia, follow these principles:
Identify the specific type of insomnia when possible, rather than using the unspecified code 1
For insomnia related to mental health conditions, use:
- F51.xx codes when insomnia is the primary focus of treatment
- The appropriate mental health condition code when insomnia is secondary
For insomnia related to medical conditions, use:
- G47.01 (Insomnia due to medical condition)
- Include the code for the underlying medical condition
Document key diagnostic criteria to support the insomnia diagnosis 1:
- Difficulty initiating sleep
- Difficulty maintaining sleep
- Early morning awakening
- Non-restorative sleep
- Daytime impairment (fatigue, attention problems, mood disturbance, etc.)
Clinical Documentation Requirements
For proper coding, ensure documentation includes:
- Specific insomnia symptoms (onset, maintenance, early awakening)
- Duration of symptoms (acute vs. chronic)
- Daytime consequences
- Precipitating factors
- Perpetuating factors
- Comorbid conditions
Common Coding Pitfalls
- Using unspecified codes when more specific codes are appropriate
- Failing to document daytime impairment, which is required for diagnosis 1
- Not coding comorbid conditions that may be contributing to insomnia
- Using outdated terminology that doesn't align with current classification systems
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends thorough documentation of insomnia symptoms and characteristics to support accurate coding and facilitate appropriate treatment planning 1, 2.