Intense Physical Exertion: Prolonged or intense physical activity, especially in untrained individuals or those who are dehydrated, can lead to muscle breakdown and rhabdomyolysis. This is a common cause, particularly in athletes or military personnel undergoing strenuous training.

Trauma: Direct muscle injury from accidents, falls, or crush injuries can cause significant muscle damage leading to rhabdomyolysis.
Medications: Certain medications, such as statins, and drugs of abuse like cocaine and amphetamines, are known to cause rhabdomyolysis as a side effect.
Infections: Viral infections (e.g., influenza, HIV) and bacterial infections can lead to muscle inflammation and breakdown.
Electrolyte Imbalances: Severe imbalances in electrolytes like potassium, sodium, and calcium can disrupt muscle function and lead to rhabdomyolysis.

Compartment Syndrome: A condition where increased pressure within a muscle compartment leads to muscle and nerve damage. It requires urgent intervention to prevent permanent damage.
Snake Bites or Other Venomous Stings: Certain venomous bites or stings can cause direct muscle toxicity leading to rhabdomyolysis.
Heat Stroke: Severe heat-related illnesses can cause muscle breakdown and are life-threatening if not promptly treated.

Genetic Muscle Disorders: Conditions like muscular dystrophy can predispose individuals to rhabdomyolysis, especially during periods of increased physical activity or other stressors.
Toxin Exposure: Exposure to certain toxins, such as those found in contaminated food or water, can cause muscle damage.
Endocrine Disorders: Certain endocrine conditions, such as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, can increase the risk of rhabdomyolysis, although this is less common.
Malignant Hyperthermia: A rare but life-threatening condition triggered by certain anesthetics, leading to a rapid rise in body temperature and muscle breakdown.