Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): This condition is characterized by the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus, which can cause irritation and potentially lead to bleeding, especially if there are esophageal ulcers. The absence of cough suggests the issue is more likely related to the gastrointestinal tract rather than the respiratory system.

Peptic Ulcer Disease: Ulcers in the stomach or duodenum can bleed, leading to hematemesis. The use of GLP might indicate an attempt to manage or diagnose gastrointestinal issues, which aligns with peptic ulcer disease.
Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach lining can cause bleeding, especially if it's severe or caused by certain medications like NSAIDs. Gastritis could be a direct cause of spitting up blood without cough.
Esophageal Varices: These are enlarged veins in the esophagus that can bleed easily due to increased pressure, often seen in patients with liver cirrhosis. Although less common, they are a significant cause of upper GI bleeding.

Esophageal Cancer: Although rare, esophageal cancer can cause bleeding. It's crucial to rule out cancer, especially in patients with risk factors or those who are older.
Aortic Aneurysm or Aorto-Esophageal Fistula: A rupture or fistula involving the aorta and esophagus can lead to sudden, severe bleeding. This is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention.
Pulmonary Embolism with Hemoptysis Misinterpreted as Hematemesis: In some cases, coughing up blood (hemoptysis) might be mistaken for spitting up blood from the GI tract. A pulmonary embolism is a life-threatening condition that needs to be considered, even though the patient reports no cough.

Dieulafoy's Lesion: A rare cause of GI bleeding characterized by a small, superficial ulceration with an exposed, often large, caliber artery at its base.
Hemobilia: Bleeding into the biliary tree, which can lead to hematemesis. This is usually associated with liver or biliary tract pathology.
Angiodysplasia: Vascular malformations in the GI tract that can cause bleeding. They are more common in the elderly and can be a source of obscure GI bleeding.