Differential Diagnosis for UTI with WBC 10 and Leukocyte 2+

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

• Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): This is the most likely diagnosis given the symptoms and lab results. The elevated WBC count and positive leukocyte test indicate a bacterial infection, which is consistent with a typical UTI.

Other Likely Diagnoses

• Pyelonephritis: An infection of the upper urinary tract, which could present with similar symptoms and lab results. The presence of leukocyte esterase and a moderate WBC count could suggest an upper UTI.
• Urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra, which could be caused by a bacterial infection. The symptoms and lab results could be consistent with urethritis, especially if the patient has dysuria or discharge.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

• Sepsis: Although less likely, sepsis is a life-threatening condition that can occur if a UTI is left untreated or if the infection spreads to the bloodstream. A high WBC count and positive leukocyte test could be indicative of sepsis, especially if the patient has systemic symptoms such as fever or hypotension.
• Kidney Stone with Infection: A kidney stone can cause obstruction and increase the risk of infection. If the patient has a history of kidney stones or symptoms such as flank pain, this diagnosis should be considered.

Rare Diagnoses

• Tuberculosis (TB) of the Urinary Tract: A rare but possible cause of UTI symptoms and abnormal lab results. TB of the urinary tract can present with similar symptoms, including hematuria and leukocytosis.
• Interstitial Cystitis: A chronic condition that causes bladder inflammation and symptoms similar to a UTI. Although rare, interstitial cystitis could be considered if the patient has recurrent symptoms and negative urine cultures.