Differential Diagnosis for ARFID
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID): This diagnosis is the most likely as the question specifically mentions "ARFID DIAGNOSTIC DSM", indicating that the individual's symptoms align with the criteria for ARFID as outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Anorexia Nervosa: Although ARFID is distinct, there can be overlap in presentation, especially in terms of restrictive eating patterns. However, anorexia nervosa typically involves a fear of gaining weight and body image concerns, which are not characteristic of ARFID.
- Selective Eating Disorder: This condition involves eating only a very limited range of foods but does not necessarily meet the full criteria for ARFID. It's a consideration because the line between selective eating and ARFID can sometimes be blurry.
- Sensory Processing Disorder: Individuals with sensory processing issues may exhibit picky eating due to sensory sensitivities, which could be mistaken for ARFID.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Celiac Disease: This autoimmune disorder requires a strict gluten-free diet for management. If missed, continued gluten exposure can lead to severe health complications, including malnutrition and increased risk of other autoimmune diseases.
- Food Allergies: Severe food allergies can cause anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction. Identifying and avoiding specific allergenic foods is crucial.
- Gastrointestinal Disorders (e.g., Gastroparesis, Inflammatory Bowel Disease): These conditions can cause significant discomfort or pain when eating certain foods, leading to avoidance. Missing these diagnoses could result in untreated conditions leading to malnutrition or worsening of the underlying disease.
Rare Diagnoses
- Prader-Willi Syndrome: A rare genetic disorder characterized by a constant hunger feeling, but in early childhood, it can present with a lack of interest in food.
- Chromosome 15q11.2-13.1 Duplication Syndrome: This rare genetic condition can include symptoms of feeding difficulties and selective eating.
- Other Genetic or Metabolic Disorders: Various rare genetic or metabolic conditions can affect eating behaviors and food intake, often requiring specific dietary interventions for management.