What are the treatments for alopecia?

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From the Guidelines

Treatments for Alopecia

The most effective treatments for alopecia are intralesional corticosteroids and contact immunotherapy, with the choice of treatment depending on the extent and severity of hair loss.

  • For limited patchy hair loss, intralesional corticosteroids such as triamcinolone acetonide (5-10 mg/mL) or hydrocortisone acetate (25 mg/mL) are commonly used, with a response rate of around 62% 1.
  • For extensive patchy hair loss, contact immunotherapy is the best-documented treatment, although it is not widely available and has a response rate of less than 50% 1.
  • Topical corticosteroids and minoxidil lotion are also used, but there is limited evidence of their effectiveness, and they are generally considered safe but not highly effective 1.
  • Systemic corticosteroids and PUVA have been used to treat alopecia areata, but their use is limited due to potential side effects and lack of evidence of efficacy 1.
  • Ciclosporin has been suggested as a potential treatment due to its immunosuppressive and hypertrichotic properties, but more research is needed to support its use 1. It's worth noting that not treating alopecia areata may be the best option in many cases, given the tendency for spontaneous remission and the lack of adverse effects on general health 1.

From the Research

Treatments for Alopecia

The following are some of the treatments for alopecia:

  • Pharmaceutical options: minoxidil and finasteride 2, 3, 4, 5
  • Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) 2, 3, 6, 4, 5
  • Non-pharmacologic approaches:
    • Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) 3, 6, 5
    • Microneedling 2
    • Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy 2
    • Fractional laser therapy 2
    • Nonablative laser therapy 2
    • Hair transplantation 3
  • Multimodal treatments: combining physical therapies such as PEMF-LLLT 2

Effectiveness of Treatments

Studies have shown that:

  • LLLT is a superior treatment for androgenetic alopecia 6
  • Minoxidil and finasteride are effective in promoting hair growth in men with androgenetic alopecia 4
  • Minoxidil is effective in women with androgenetic alopecia 4
  • PRP, finasteride, and minoxidil are approximately equivalent in mean change hair count following treatment 6

Treatment Outcomes

  • Early treatment achieves a more optimal outcome 5
  • Current available medical treatments like finasteride and minoxidil are effective in arresting the progression of the disease, but allow only partial regrowth of hair at its best 5

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Physical Treatments and Therapies for Androgenetic Alopecia.

Journal of clinical medicine, 2024

Research

Medical Treatment for Androgenetic Alopecia.

Facial plastic surgery : FPS, 2024

Research

A review of the treatment of male pattern hair loss.

Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy, 2020

Research

Efficacy of non-surgical treatments for androgenetic alopecia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 2018

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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