What can I do to manage my fever?

Managing Fever: A Practical Approach

For fever management, the most effective approach is to use acetaminophen (paracetamol) as first-line treatment while identifying and addressing the underlying cause. 1, 2

Initial Assessment and Home Management

For Adults with Fever:

• Take acetaminophen 325-650mg every 4-6 hours (not exceeding 3000mg in 24 hours) for symptomatic relief 1
• Alternative: ibuprofen 200-400mg every 4-6 hours (not exceeding 1200mg in 24 hours) 1
• Ensure adequate hydration by drinking plenty of fluids 1
• Use physical cooling methods if temperature exceeds 102°F (39°C):
  • Cool, not cold, compresses to forehead, neck, and wrists
  • Light clothing and minimal bedding
  • Room temperature between 68-72°F (20-22°C)

When to Seek Medical Attention:

• Fever persists longer than 3 days 2
• Temperature exceeds 103°F (39.4°C)
• New symptoms develop 2
• Redness or swelling appears 2
• Pain worsens or lasts more than 10 days 2

Special Considerations

For Infants and Children:

• Acetaminophen is the preferred antipyretic for children 1
• For infants 8-60 days old with fever, seek immediate medical attention as they require specialized evaluation 3

For Critically Ill Patients:

• Target temperature range of 36.0-37.5°C to prevent secondary injury and minimize metabolic demands 1
• Apply cooling blankets set at 18°C and consider ice packs to groin, axilla, and neck for rapid temperature reduction 1
• Monitor core temperature continuously during cooling to prevent overcooling 1

Diagnostic Considerations

Infectious Causes:

• Evaluate for common sources of infection:
  • Respiratory (pneumonia, bronchitis)
  • Urinary tract
  • Skin/soft tissue
  • Surgical sites
  • Central line-associated infections 1

Non-Infectious Causes:

• Drug reactions
• Thromboembolism
• Malignancy
• Autoimmune disorders 1, 4

Important Caveats

• Fever is a normal adaptive response to infection and its suppression may be potentially harmful in some cases 5
• Elderly and immunocompromised patients may not present with fever despite having serious infections 6
• Oral temperatures have poor sensitivity for diagnosing fever; consider core temperature measurement when there's concern 6
• Avoid routine use of antipyretics solely for temperature reduction in stable patients without discomfort 1

Remember that fever itself is not a disease but a symptom of an underlying condition. While managing the fever provides comfort, identifying and treating the cause is essential for resolution.