From the Guidelines
Sinusitis does not directly cause Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), but it can complicate diagnosis and potentially worsen symptoms at high altitude. AMS is specifically caused by rapid ascent to high altitude without proper acclimatization, leading to hypoxia and subsequent physiological responses, as noted in a recent study on high altitude travel 1. Sinusitis, which is inflammation of the sinus cavities, can cause headaches, facial pain, and congestion that might be confused with or compound AMS symptoms.
Key Considerations
- Sinusitis symptoms can mimic or exacerbate AMS symptoms, making diagnosis challenging.
- Proper acclimatization, gradual ascent, staying hydrated, and avoiding alcohol and smoking are crucial for preventing AMS, as emphasized in the study on eye disease and international travel 1.
- Medications like acetazolamide can be effective in preventing AMS, but individuals should be aware of potential side effects, such as a transient myopic shift, and have proper corrective measures in place 1.
Management Recommendations
- If you have sinusitis and plan to travel to high altitude, it's advisable to treat the sinus infection before ascending.
- Medications like decongestants (pseudoephedrine), nasal steroids (fluticasone), or antibiotics (if bacterial) may help manage sinusitis symptoms.
- For AMS prevention, gradual ascent, proper hydration, and medications like acetazolamide (125-250mg twice daily starting 24 hours before ascent) are recommended, based on the most recent guidelines and evidence 1.
From the Research
Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) and Sinusitis
There are no direct research papers to assist in answering this question. The provided studies focus on the risk factors, prevention, and treatment of AMS, but none of them mention sinusitis as a potential cause of AMS.
Risk Factors for AMS
- The risk of AMS is higher when traveling to high-altitude destinations by flight compared to slower ascent modes, such as hiking or combined car and/or air travel and hiking 2
- Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a risk factor for AMS, with a higher prevalence of PFO in hikers with AMS compared to those without AMS 3
- Rapid ascent to high altitudes increases the risk of AMS, and prevention is the safest and most efficient method in reducing and preventing the development of serious problems 4
Prevention and Treatment of AMS
- Pre-treatment with acetazolamide can reduce the incidence of AMS, and it is suggested that starting pre-treatment at least two days before arrival at high altitude would be of greater beneficial effect on AMS development 5
- Ibuprofen is effective in reducing the incidence of AMS, with fewer participants developing AMS in the ibuprofen group compared to the placebo group 6